我国“必要措施”条款适用中的主要问题与对策--以电商直播平台为重点

Issues on Application of the Obligation of“Taking Necessary Measures”:Focusing on E-commerce Live Streaming Platforms

在《民法典》背景下,我国“通知-必要措施”相关规则在电子商务领域的适用仍存在不少困惑,如“必要措施”的界定、范围与具体适用不确定、不清晰等,实践中出现了扩张性适用的倾向等问题,均值得我们认真研究。为进一步厘清电商平台(包括直播平台)的注意义务、监管义务等,在“必要措施”的认定方面,应以避风港原则本身要实现的利益平衡为基点,在进一步明确现有法律规则的前提下,给予电商平台一定的自治空间,同时结合其商业模式的特点,来判断电商平台对平台内的知识产权侵权行为应当采取何种以及是否已经采取了合理、审慎且符合比例原则的必要措施,以实现权利人、电商平台(含电商直播平台)、平台内经营者等主体的利益平衡。

On the background of Civil Code,there are some issues on the application of“notifying-taking necessary measures”obligations in the field of e-commerce,such as the definition and scope of“necessary measures”,the tendency of expanding judicial explanation and application in the practice.In order to clarify the due duty of care and regulation of e-commerce live streaming platforms,the identification of necessary measures should be based on the principle of“balance of interests”,allowing the e-commerce platforms to have proper freedom of self-government,considering the characteristics of their business models,to judge that what kinds of measures the platform should take and whether it has taken necessary measures that are due,prudent and in accordant with the principle of proportionality.