基于差异硫酸化率的脂肪醇醚硫酸盐制备

Preparation of fatty alcohol ether sulfates with different sulfation degree

以常规脂肪醇醚(AEO)和三氧化硫为原料,在降膜式磺化器中进行硫酸化反应,得到了不同硫酸化程度的脂肪醇醚硫酸盐(AES)产品。经测定阴离子活性物、游离油及无机酸含量,结合游离油的羟值与气质分析确定了产品中的组分及其随硫酸化率的变化,并通过顶空气相法分析了不同硫酸化率下产品中二噁烷的含量变化。结果表明:低氧乙烯基团加合数的AEO倾向于优先发生硫酸化反应;十二醇及十二烷基AEO相比十四醇及十四烷基AEO更易发生硫酸化反应;控制差异硫酸化率,可以调整氧乙烯基团的平均加合数,调控AEO的氧乙烯基团分布,实现AEO的窄分布;二噁烷含量随着硫酸化率的升高而升高。

The products of fatty alcohol ether sulfates(AES)with different sulfation degree were obtained by sulfation of fatty alcohol ethers(AEO)with sulfur trioxide in a falling film sulfonator.The components in the products and their changes with sulfation degree were determined by measuring the content of anionic active substance,AEO and inorganic acid,combined with the hydroxyl value of AEO and gas quality analysis.The content of 1,4-dioxane in the products with different sulfation degree was analyzed by headspace gas chromatography.The results show that the AEO with low addition number of oxyethylene group has the priority of sulfation.Dodecanol and dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether react with sulfur trioxide more easily than tetradecanol alcohol and tetradecyl polyoxyethylene ether.The average addition number of polyoxyethylene groups in AEO can be adjusted by controlling the different sulfation degree and thus the distribution of oxyethylene groups in AEO can also be further regulated and narrowed.The content of 1,4-dioxane increases with the increase of sulfation degree.