特别没收中利害关系人阶段性参与模式的缺陷及其完善——基于刑事一体化的视角

The defects of interested party′s phased participation in special confiscation and its correction—Based on the perspective of criminal integration

围绕特别没收制度,我国刑事法律制度衍生了涉案财物处置的普通程序、违法所得没收程序。与其他国家救济方式不同的是,在普通程序中,我国规定的是阶段性参与模式。这种模式有其自身的制度逻辑,但在诉讼各阶段缺乏正当程序及制度制约,导致利害关系人的财物在刑事诉讼中宽进严出。鉴于此,在实体上,应限制我国《刑法》第64条的解释范围,明确特别没收的属性;在程序上,应规范涉案财物的审前处置,建立跨部门的涉案财物管理平台,并构建听证审查机制。

Around the special confiscation system,China′s criminal legal system has derived the ordinary procedures for the disposal of the property involved and the procedures for the confiscation of illegal gains.Different from the relief methods of other countries,in the ordinary procedures,China stipulates the phased participation mode.This mode has its own institutional logic,but the lack of due process and institutional constraints in the disposal of each stage of the litigation has led to the phenomenon of lenient entry and strict exit of the property of the interested party in the criminal procedure.Therefore,the interpretation scope of Article 64 of the Criminal Law should be physically restricted,and the special confiscation should be clearly defined.In addition,the pre-trial disposal of property should be regulated in terms of procedures.Meanwhile,a cross-departmental property management platform involved in the case should be established and hearing review mechanism should also be built.