财产犯罪中的非法占有目的:理论反思与要素消解

The purpose of illegal possession in property crime:theoretical reflection and essential cancellation

关于非法占有目的要素存废问题的讨论不应当局限于比较不同财产犯罪形式特征的横向研究维度,而应当引入保护法益、体系目的等纵向研究维度。财产犯罪的实质处罚根据并非是对占有的破坏,而是对包括所有权在内的实体权利的侵害;非法占有目的是在理论起点预设错误的背景下对司法实务的一种纠偏,但这种纠偏只能满足于对细枝末节的补救,要彻底摆脱财产犯罪面临的困境,必须回归本权说的基本立场,以可罚的违法性理论、罪数竞合理论等替代排除意思及利用意思,从而解决财产犯罪的处罚范围及类型界限等问题。

The discussion on the retention or abolition of the purpose of illegal possession should not be limited to the horizontal research dimension of comparing the characteristics of different forms of property crime,but should introduce the vertical research dimension of protecting legal interests and system purpose.The substantial punishment of property crime is not based on the destruction of possession,but on the infringement of substantive rights including ownership.The purpose of illegal possession is to correct the judicial practice under the background of presupposition error of theoretical starting point,but this kind of correction can only satisfy the remedy of minor details.To completely overcome the difficulties faced by property crimes,it is necessary to return to the basic position of the right theory,and replace the previous exclusion and utilization by the punishable illegality theory and the theory of concurrence of crimes,so as to solve the problems of the scope and the types of punishment of property crime.