河湟谷地水源涵养功能空间格局研究

Spatial pattern of water conservation function in Hehuang Valley

河湟谷地水源涵养能力空间分布的科学分析,为区域生态文明战略实施与兰西城市群水资源开发利用提供依据。采用水量平衡方程来计算河湟谷地水源涵养能力,进行GIS空间分析,并结合自然保护地(国家自然保护区、国家公园、水源地)分布,综合划分区域水源涵养功能分区。结果表明:本区北部祁连山脉的冷龙岭、达坂山一带为水源涵养功能极重要和重要区域,约占总面积25%,一般重要与中等重要区域主要分布于中部的中小起伏中山地,约占总面积66.3%;水源涵养功能不重要区域则集中在湟水与黄河谷地内,此处人类活动最为集中,约占本区面积的8.7%。提出区域水源涵养能力建设的措施包括将北部祁连山脉的冷龙岭和达坂山一带确定为水源涵养功能极重要和重要区域并列为自然保护区;将水源涵养功能分区作为设置水源地的考虑因素;因地制宜增加森林面积,加大嵩草、杂类草高寒草甸和温带丛生禾草草原的治理与恢复。

This paper discusses the spatial distribution of water conservation capacity in Hehuang Valley,providing basis for the implementation of regional ecological civilization strategy and the scientific development and utilization of water resources in Lanxi urban agglomeration.Water balance equation is used for calculating the water conservation capacity of Hehuang Valley,and then GIS analysis is carried out;what’s more,combining with the distribution of natural reserves(national nature reserves,national parks,water sources),the zones of function for regional water conservation were divided comprehensively.The results show that the areas of Lenglong Mountain and Daban Mountain in the north of Qilian Mountains are the extremely important and important area for the function of water conservation,accounting for 25%of the total area;and the general important and middle important area are mainly distributed in the middle and small undulating mountains of the middle part,accounting for 66.3%of the total area;the unimportant area for the function of water conservation is mainly distributed in Huangshui and Yellow River Valley;where human activities are the most concentrated,accounting for 8.7%of the area.Therefore,the measures of regional water conservation capacity construction are put forward.The Lenglong Mountain and Daban Mountain areas in the north of Qilian Mountains are determined as extremely important and important area for the function of water conservation,which are classified as natural reserves;the zones of function for water conservation is considered as the consideration of setting water sources;according to the local conditions,increasing the forest area and the management and restoration of Kobresia,miscellaneous grass alpine meadow and temperate clump grass grassland.