脑梗死患者下肢深静脉血栓形成的危险因素分析

An analysis of risk factors for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in patients with cerebral infarction

目的了解脑梗死患者下肢深静脉血栓形成的发生率,并分析其危险因素。方法选取西南医科大学附属医院自2018年3月至2019年11月收治的431例脑梗死患者的临床资料信息,根据是否发生下肢深静脉血栓分为血栓组(52例)和非血栓组(379例),比较两组临床资料,分析相关危险因素。结果两组在年龄(≥60岁)、高血压病史、糖尿病病史、高脂血症病史、恶性肿瘤病史、合并感染、NIHSS评分≥16分、脱水剂应用≥4次/d、卧床时间≥14 d、行介入治疗、服用氯吡格雷等方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,合并高血压、脱水剂使用次数≥4次/d、NIHSS评分≧16分、合并感染是脑梗死患者发生下肢深静脉血栓的危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论脑梗死患者发生下肢深静脉血栓是多种因素共同作用的结果。

Objective To investigate the incidence of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in patients with cerebral infarction and analyze the associated risk factors.Methods The clinical data of 431 patients with cerebral infarction admit-ted to the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from March 2018 to November 2019 were divided into two groups with(n=52)and without(n=379)lower extremity deep venous thrombosis.The clinical data of the two groups were compared and the associated risk factors were analyzed.Results There were significant differences between the two groups in age(≥60 years),history of hypertension,history of diabetes,history of hyperlipidemia,history of malignancy,con-comitant infection,National Institute of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score≥16,administration of dehydrating agent≥4 times/day,bedtime≥14 days,interventional therapy,and use of clopidogrel(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that concomitant hypertension,administration of dehydrating agent≥4 times/d,NIHSS score≥16,and concomitant infection were risk factors for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in patients with cerebral infarction(P<0.05).Conclusions The occurrence of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in patients with cerebral infarction is the re-sult of multiple factors.