摘要
目的通过分析北京市门头沟区近年来肺结核病流行特征,为今后结核病防控策略制定提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学研究方法,对门头沟区2015—2018年新登记报告的肺结核病患者资料进行分析。结果2015—2018年门头沟区共报告肺结核病患者513例,年均发病率为41.82/10万,主要集中在>50岁年龄组(占63.7%);结核病患者中,男性(400例)平均年报告发病率(37.6/10万)显著高于女性(113例)平均年报告发病率(10.6/10万)(X2=2.302,P=0.512);男女比为3.53:1。初治患者435例(84.7%),复治患者76例(14.2%),患者中,本地人口为356例(占65.9%),流动人口为175例(占34.1%);在各职业人群中,结核病患者以退休、无业、工人、农民为主,占63.3%。合并糖尿病122例(23.8%),合并煤工尘肺71例(13.8%)。患者来源方式以转诊和因症就诊患者为主占97.6%。结论门头沟区肺结核病发病率近年来下降缓慢,结核病疫情处于缓慢下降偶尔回升状态,本地人口占主体,以中老年男性为主。外来人口持续增加、糖尿病病人、煤工尘肺疾病患者的增加也是疫情下降缓慢的一部分原因,应当高度重视老年人肺结核病的防治工作,继续加强肺结核防治工作的管理。
Objective To provide scientific evidence for the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis by analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis patients in Mentougou District,Beijing in recent years.Methods Descriptive study was used to analyze the data of tuberculosis patients registered from 2015 to 2018 in Mentougou District.Results From 2015 to 2018,513 tuberculosis patients were reported in Mentougou District.The average annual incidence rate was 41.82 per 100,000,mainly in the group of>50 years old(63.7%).Among tuberculosis patients,the average annual incidence rate of men(400 cases)(37.6/100,000)was significantly higher than that of women(113 cases)(10.6/100,000)(χ2=2.302,P=0.512).The male to female ratio was 3.53:1.435 cases were initially treated(84.7%)and 76 cases(14.2%)were retreated patients.The local patients were 356 cases(65.9%)and 175 cases(34.1%)of the floating population were reported.TB patients are mainly retired,unemployed,workers,and farmers,accounting for 63.3%.As for complications,124 cases(24.1%)were reported with diabetes and 64 cases(12.4%)were coal worker with pneumoconiosis.The source of patients were mainly referral and follow-up patients,accounting for 97.6%.Conclusion The incidence of tuberculosis in Mentougou district has been declining slowly in recent years.The reasons are as follows:firstly,the local population accounts for the majority,who are mainly middle-aged and elderly people.Then the continuous increase of the migrant population.Furthermore,diabetes patients and coal workers with pneumoconiosis continuing to increase are also parts of the reasons.So the importance cannot be overemphasized to the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis in the elderly.Moreover,we should put more energy into it and strengthen the management.
作者
李建军
杨晓丽
孔冬青
李雅惠
杨菊
邓雪松
曹殿起
王月
LI Jian-jun;YANG Xiao-li;KONG Dong-qing;LI Ya-hui;YANG Ju;DENG Xue-song;CAO Dian-qi;WANG Yue(Department of Pneumoconiosis Tuberculosis,General Hospital of Jingmei Group,Beijing 102300,China;Mentougou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102300,China)
出处
《临床肺科杂志》
2021年第9期1303-1306,共4页
Journal of Clinical Pulmonary Medicine
关键词
肺结核
流行病学
防控
tuberculosis
epidemiology
prevention