死畜禽碱解处理技术研究现状及展望

Research Status and Prospect of Alkaline Hydrothermal Technology for Livestock Carcasses Disposal

死畜禽无害化处理是养殖场必须面对和解决的问题,目前的主要处理技术存在某些潜在的生物风险。碱解技术是近年来新兴的死畜禽无害化处理技术,该技术工艺操作简单、生物安全性高,为染疫动物或者死因不明动物的无害化处理提供了新的技术选择。但碱解技术在我国并未得到足够的重视,相关研究及应用尚处于初级阶段。综述了国内外关于死畜禽碱解处理技术的工艺参数、病原微生物杀灭效果、碱解产物处理利用等研究现状,指出了碱解技术目前存在运行费用高、碱解产物处理利用技术不配套等问题,并提出今后应加强技术工艺参数研究,并从自动化控制、碱解液肥料化利用等环节来进一步完善和提升碱解技术工艺,旨在为我国死畜禽碱解处理技术的进一步发展提供参考。

The harmless disposal of dead livestock and poultry is a problem that must be faced and solved by farms. Alkali-hydrolysis technology is a new innocuous treatment technology for dead livestock and poultry in recent years. The technology has simple operation and high biosafety, which provides a new choice for innocuous treatment of animals infected with epidemic disease or animals with unknown cause of death. However, the alkali hydrolysis technology has not received enough attention in China, and the related research and application are still in the primary stage. This paper summarized the research status of technical parameters, killing effect of pathogenic microorganism, treatment and utilization of alkali-hydrolytic products of dead livestock and poultry treatment at home and abroad. The problems of alkali-hydrolytic technology were pointed out, such as high operating cost, unsuitable treatment and utilization technology of alkali-hydrolytic products, etc., and the research of technological parameters should be enhanced in the future. In order to provide reference for the further development of the alkaline hydrolysis treatment technology of dead livestock and poultry in China, the alkaline hydrolysis technology was further improved and improved from the aspects of automatic control and the utilization of alkaline hydrolysis liquid fertilizer materials.