大豆小肽蛋白替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长性能、消化酶活性和抗氧化功能的影响

Effects of Fish Meal Replacement with Soy Peptide Protein on the Growth Performance,Digestive Enzymes,and Antioxidant Capacity of Juvenile Yellow Catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)

为研究大豆小肽蛋白替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)生长性能、体成分、消化酶活性和抗氧化功能的影响,以30%鱼粉组为对照组(A0),大豆小肽蛋白分别替代17%、33%和50%的鱼粉作为实验组(A17、A33和A50),配制4种等氮配合饲料。每组设置4个重复,每个重复饲喂30尾平均体重为(3.7±0.6)g的黄颡鱼幼鱼,进行为期80 d的饲养实验。结果显示,A17组生长性能与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05),A33组除增重率(WGR)显著高于对照组外(P<0.05),其余指标均与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。A50组饵料系数(FCR)显著高于对照组和其他实验组(P<0.05),增重率、特定生长率(SGR)及蛋白质效率(PER)显著低于对照组和其他实验组(P<0.05)。各实验组肥满度(CF)和脏体比(VSI)与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。大豆小肽蛋白替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼全鱼水分、灰分和粗蛋白含量无显著影响(P<0.05);然而,当大豆小肽蛋白替代鱼粉水平从33%升高至50%时,鱼体粗脂肪含量显著降低(P<0.05)。各实验组肠脂肪酶和肠淀粉酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),A33和A50组胃淀粉酶显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。大豆小肽蛋白替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼肝胰脏丙二醛(MDA)活性无影响。综上所述,黄颡鱼配合饲料中鱼粉替代量小于33%时,黄颡鱼生长性能最佳,且对鱼体肝脏抗氧化功能无不利影响。本研究首次探究大豆小肽蛋白替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼生长等的影响,以期为黄颡鱼饲料配制和大豆小肽蛋白的使用等提供参考。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fishmeal replacement by soy peptide protein on the growth performance,body composition,digestive enzymes activity,and antioxidant capacity of yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco).The control group(A0)received 30%fishmeal,and the experimental groups received soy peptide protein substitutes at 17%,33%,and 50%(A17,A33,and A50),and four kinds(A0,A17,A33,and A50)of iso-nitrogen compound feeds were prepared.There were 4 replicates and 30 juvenile yellow catfish per group[average body weight:(3.7±0.6)g],and the experiment ran for 80 days.The results showed that there were no significant differences in the growth performance of A17 and the control group(P>0.05).The weight gain rate of A33 was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05),but there were no other differences(P>0.05).In A50,the feed coefficient ratio was significantly higher than the other groups(P<0.05),while the weight gain rate,specific growth ratio,and protein efficiency ratio were significantly lower than the other groups(P<0.05).There were no differences in the viscerosomatic and hepatosomatic indexes(P>0.05).Soy peptide protein substitution did not affect the contents of water,ash,or crude protein in yellow catfish(P>0.05).However,when the level of soy peptide protein increased from 33%to 50%,the crude fat content decreased significantly(P<0.05).The activities of intestinal lipase and amylase were significantly higher in the treatment groups(P<0.05),and the activity of gastric amylase in A33 and A50 was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).Soy peptide protein substitution did not affect malondialdehyde(MDA)activity in the liver.In conclusion,when fishmeal replacement was less than 33%,the growth performance of yellow catfish increased and there were no adverse effects on the antioxidation capacity of the liver.This is the first study to explore the effects of soy peptide protein replacement on P.fulvidraco growth and provides a reference for feed preparation and soy peptide protein use.