社会支持对安宁疗护护士负性情绪的影响:积极应对方式的中介作用

The mediating effect of positive coping style between social support and negative emotions among palliative care nurses

目的采用结构方程模型探讨积极应对方式在安宁疗护护士社会支持与负性情绪间的中介效应。方法采用一般资料问卷、抑郁-焦虑-压力量表、社会支持评定量表及简易应对方式问卷对四川省18所安宁疗护机构221名护士进行问卷调查。结果安宁疗护护士负性情绪总分为(28.01±6.16)分,存在抑郁、焦虑和压力的护士分别占23.42%、80.18%和3.60%。社会支持总分为(49.32±8.16)分。应对倾向得分为0.84(0.18,1.74)分。负性情绪、社会支持、积极应对方式三者呈负相关(P<0.01)。积极应对方式在社会支持与负性情绪之间起部分中介作用。结论安宁疗护护士在工作期间表现出一系列的负性情绪,社会支持处于高水平,主要采用积极的应对方式。积极应对方式在社会支持与负性情绪之中起到部分中介作用。可通过提高安宁疗护护士社会支持的可及性和可利用性,促进其采取积极方式应对问题,从而降低负性情绪症状。

Objective By using structural equation modeling to examine the mediating effect of positive coping style on social support and negative emotions.Methods The general data questionnaire,21-Item Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale(DASS-21),Social Support Rating Scale and Simple Coping Style Questionnaire were used to survey 221 nurses in 18 palliative care institutions in Sichuan province.Results The total score of DASS-21 was(28.01±6.16).The incidence of depression,anxiety and stress was 23.42%,80.18%and 3.60%respectively.The total score of social support was(49.32±8.16),and score of coping tendencies was 0.84(0.18,1.74).There were significant negative correlations between negative emotions,social support and positive coping style(P<0.01).Positive coping style partially mediated the relationship between social support and negative emotions.Conclusion Palliative care nurses shows a range of negative emotions during their work.Social support is at high level,and they mainly adopt positive coping style.The positive coping style mediates the relationship between social support and negative emotions.Providing nurses with access to support and utilization of social support can encourage them to take a positive coping style,to alleviate negative emotional symptoms.