汉中天坑群喀斯特生境生物多样性特征及规律

Research on biodiversity in Karst habitat of sinkhole group in Hanzhong

通过野外样方法,从动植物物种结构视角研究了汉中天坑群典型喀斯特生境系统生物多样性的特征及规律。研究发现:(1)垂直方向上由低到高植被依次分布混有常绿阔叶树种的落叶阔叶林带、针叶与落叶阔叶混交林带和亚高山灌丛草甸带等3个植被型组;(2)研究区植物1613种、动物945种,其中单种属或少种属的古老孑遗珍稀濒危植物15科30种,野生珍稀濒危动物25种,具有明显的暖温带向亚热带过渡的特点,是我国第三纪植物区系的重要避难所;(3)境内喀斯特生境系统中植物群落的物种多样性明显高于周边。因此,汉中天坑群是我国重要的物种保护库,具有较高的物种丰富度和多样性。

Field sampling method and plant species structure are used to study the characteristics of biodiversity in the typical karst habitat system of sinkhole group in Hanzhong.The results have shown:(1)From low altitude to high altitude,there are deciduous broad-leaved forest belt mixed with evergreen broad-leaved trees.(2)Here are many rare and endangered species in the study area,including 1613 species of plants and 945 species of animals.There are 30 species of rare and endangered plants in 15 families and 25 species of wild rare and endangered protected animals.(3)The species diversity of plant communities in Karst habitat system in Inner Mongolia was significantly higher than that in surrounding areas.Therefore,sinkhole group in Hanzhong is an important species conservation reservoir in China with high species richness and diversity.