元末明初宣徽文学的渊源、观念及影响

The Origin,Concept and Influence of Xuanhui Literature in the Late Yuan and Early Ming Dynasty

宣徽文人多源自汉唐旧家,其文化底蕴浸润于厚重的宣徽古朴儒学,深植“致用”观念。元末明初之际,他们一方面承继区内前辈文人的创作传统,保持活跃的文学态势;另一方面他们钻研文章之学,发展出“以道弘文”“辨体设文”“力学实文”三位一体的文学观念。在此观念指导下,宣徽文人自觉对文风进行了相应的拨乱与调适,积极倡导与实践温和质朴的文学风尚。他们为回应文坛积习与时弊,多以古文为载体,植入了雄健一路,而后起的江西文人群体为融洽文坛布局与气象,多以诗歌为载体,再植入雅正一途。两地文人前后相继的救治与改造,才终成大明帝国平和雍容、雄健雅正的盛大文学景观。

Xuanhui literati mostly originated from the Han and Tang dynasties,and their cultural heritage was infiltrated in the profound Xuanhui primitive Confucianism,deeply rooted in the concept of"practical".In the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties,on the one hand,they inherited the creative traditions of the predecessor literati in the region and maintained an active literary trend;on the other hand,they delved into the study of essays,and developed"to promote literature","discriminate styles"and"mechanical practice".The literary concept of the trinity of literature.Under the guidance of this concept,literati in Xuanhui consciously carried out corresponding corrections and adjustments to the style of writing,and actively advocated and practiced a gentle and simple literary style.In response to the accumulated habits and current abuses in the literary world,they mostly used ancient prose as the carrier and implanted the vigorous road.The later Jiangxi literati group used poetry as the carrier for the harmonious literary world layout and atmosphere,and then implanted the elegant path.The successive treatments and reforms of the literati in the two places finally became the grand literary landscape of the Ming Empire in peace,grace and majesty.