水旱条件对不同燕麦品种光合特性和同化物积累的影响

Effects of water and drought conditions on photosynthesis characteristics and assimilate accumulation on different oat varieties

【目的】研究水旱条件对不同燕麦品种光合特性与同化物积累的影响。【方法】以旱地品种(燕科2号、品5号)和水地品种(内燕5号、坝莜9号)为试验材料,设灌水和旱作种植条件,测定燕麦光合指标和同化物积累指标,分析不同水旱条件下不同燕麦品种光合特性和同化物积累的变化。【结果】在旱作条件下,4个燕麦品种的叶面积指数、光合特性较灌水条件出现不同程度下降,其中,水地品种坝莜9号叶面积指数旱作条件较灌水条件下降10.07%、净光合速率旱作条件较灌水条件下降34.99%;旱地品种的净光合速率、光合势指标整体高于水地品种,旱地品种抽穗期叶片可溶性糖含量比水地品种高15.04%。在灌水条件下,燕麦水地品种的叶面积指数、光合势指标均高于旱地品种,水地品种成熟期茎叶可溶性糖含量整体较旱地品种低27.57%。【结论】水旱条件对不同燕麦品种的光合特性和物质转运的影响差异显著,旱地品种在旱作条件下叶片光合生产和同化物能力更强,而灌水条件下水地品种茎叶转运同化物能力强于旱地品种。

【Objective】To study the effects of water and drought conditions on the photosynthetic characteristics and assimilate accumulation on different oat varieties.【Methods】Using dry land varieties of oats(Yanke No.2 and Pin No.5)and irrigated land varieties of oats(Neiyan No.5,Bayou No.9)as the experimental materials,the experiment set up irrigation and dry cultivation conditions to determine the photosynthetic index and assimilation accumulation index of oats,and analyze the changes in photosynthetic characteristics and assimilate accumulation of different oat varieties under different water and drought conditions.【Results】Under dry farming conditions,the leaf area index and photosynthetic characteristics of the four oat varieties declined to varying degrees compared with irrigation conditions.Among them,the leaf area index of the irrigated land variety Bayou No.9 was reduced by 10.07% in dry farming conditions and 34.99% lower in net photosynthetic rate compared with irrigation conditions;the net photosynthetic rate and photosynthetic potential index of dry land varieties were generally higher than those of irrigated land varieties.Dry land varieties had 15.04% higher leaf soluble sugar content at heading period than irrigated land varieties.Under irrigation conditions,the leaf area index and photosynthetic potential index of irrigated land varieties were higher than that of dry land varieties.The soluble sugar content of stems and leaves of irrigated land varieties in mature period was 27.57% lower than that of dry land varieties.【Conclusion】The effects of water and drought conditions on the photosynthetic characteristics and material translocation of different oat varieties were significantly different.The leaves of dry land varieties had stronger photosynthetic production and assimilation capacity under dry farming conditions,while the stems and leaves translocate assimilation of irrigated land varieties was stronger than that of dry land varieties under irrigation conditions.