菊芋块茎贮藏过程中内源激素水平的变化

Changes of endogenous hormones in the tubers of Helianthus tuberosus L.during storage

【目的】探究菊芋块茎贮藏过程中内源激素变化,为生产和科研利用激素调控菊芋块茎贮藏休眠提供理论依据。【方法】将土默川菊芋块茎收获晾干后置于浅窖覆沙土贮藏0、30、60、90、120 d,利用ELISA方法测定不同贮藏时间块茎的脱落酸(ABA)、赤霉素(GA_(3))、吲哚乙酸(IAA)含量。【结果】在自然休眠过程中,与贮藏0 d相比,菊芋块茎3种内源激素含量变化极显著(P<0.01),整体ABA含量最高,其次为GA_(3),IAA含量最低;随着休眠时间的延长,ABA呈上升-下降-快速下降趋势,GA_(3)和IAA含量变化均呈上升-下降-上升的趋势;GA_(3)/ABA和IAA/ABA变化趋势均呈先降后升趋势,在块茎休眠解除至萌发过程中显著上升(P<0.01)。【结论】自然休眠前期菊芋块茎ABA含量较高,当块茎休眠解除萌发时,GA_(3)和IAA含量显著升高,表明生长促进类激素含量高可促进芽的萌发;沙藏可保持菊芋块茎完整饱满,但后期气温升高需及时转移至其他低温环境继续贮藏。

【Objective】To explore the changes of endogenous hormones during storage of Helianthus tuberosus L.tubers,and to provide a theoretical basis for the use of hormones to regulate storage dormancy of Helianthus tuberosus L.tubers in production and scientific research.【Methods】Tubers of Helianthus tuberosus L.cv.Tumet were harvested,dried and stored in shallow cellar covered with sand for 0,30,60,90 and 120 days.The contents of abscisic acid(ABA),gibberellin(GA_(3))and indoleacetic acid(IAA)in tubers of different storage time were determined by ELISA.【Results】In the process of natural dormancy,the contents of three endogenous hormones in the tubers of Helianthus tuberosus L.changed significantly(P<0.01)compared with that of 0 d storage,and the content of ABA was the highest,followed by GA_(3),and the content of IAA was the lowest;with the prolongation of dormancy time,ABA showed a trend of increasing-decreasing-decreasing rapidly,while GA_(3) and IAA showed a trend of increasing-decreasing-increasing;GA_(3)/ABA and IAA/ABA decreased first and then increased,and increased significantly from dormancy release to germination(P<0.01).【Conclusion】Before natural dormancy,ABA content in the tubers of Helianthus tuberosus L.was higher.When the dormancy of tuber was released,the contents of GA_(3) and IAA increased significantly,which indicated that the high content of growth promoting hormone could promote the germination of buds;the tubers of Helianthus tuberosus L.could be kept intact and plump in sand storage,but the tubers should be transferred to other low temperature environment for further storage when the temperature increased in the later stage.