野生与人工冬虫夏草伴生菌及栖息地土壤微生物群落多样性比较研究

Comparison of endogenetic microbial community diversity between wild Cordyceps sinensis,artificial C. sinensis and habitat soil

为探究野生和人工冬虫夏草伴生菌及其周际土壤的微生物群落多样性的差异,该研究选取野生和人工繁育冬虫夏草及其周际土壤样本,采用16S rRNA V3V4和ITS1高通量测序技术进行细菌和真菌群落进行分析。研究发现,野生和人工冬虫夏草优势细菌主要是变形菌门,而土壤环境中的主要优势菌是放线菌门,冬虫夏草菌属真菌是冬虫夏草子座的绝对优势真菌。α多样性分析显示子座的真菌多样性较其他部位低,且野生冬虫夏草子座的真菌多样性低于人工繁育冬虫夏草。β多样性分析显示土壤微生境样品与冬虫夏草的微生物群落存在明显差异,而野生和人工冬虫夏草伴生菌尤其是真菌差异相对较小,且菌核的真菌菌落构成比较相似。LEfSe分析显示野生和人工冬虫夏草存在丰富的差异微生物物种。上述结果表明冬虫夏草菌是野生和人工冬虫夏草的优势微生物,与周际土壤微生物群落差异显著,野生和人工冬虫夏草伴生菌真菌表现出的差异较细菌小,这些差异物种将为深入研究冬虫夏草在不同生境中发育的差异,以及成分表达差异的研究提供新思路和理论基础。

To obtain the difference of the fungal and bacterial community diversity between wild Cordyceps sinensis, artificial C. sinensis and their habitat soil, Illmina Hiseq high-throughput sequencing technology was applied. The results show that Proteobacteria was the dominant bacterial phylum in C. sinensis, Actinobacteria was the dominant bacterial phylum in soil microhabitat, Ophiocordyceps sinensis was the predominant dominant fungus of C. sinensis. The α diversity analysis showed that the fungal diversity of stroma was lower than other parts, and the fungal diversity of wild C. sinensis was lower than that of artificial C. sinensis. The β diversity analysis showed that the fungal and bacterial community diversity of soil microhabitat samples was significantly different from that of C. sinensis. The fungal community diversity was less different between wild and artificial C. sinensis, especially in sclerotia. LEfSe analysis showed a lot of species diversity between wild and artificial C. sinensis. Those different species between wild C. sinensis, artificial C. sinensis and their habitat soil provide ideas for further research on breed and components of C. sinensis.