安庆农村老年高血压患者合并症的影响因素

Analysis of influencing factors of complications in elderly patients with hypertension in Anqing rural area

目的了解安庆市农村地区老年高血压患者的合并症情况,分析其影响因素,为后续的慢病管理干预研究及政策制定提供依据。方法2020年6月-9月通过与县医院、乡镇、村卫生院合作,结合当地老年人体检安排时间,随机选取安庆市岳西县八个乡镇,纳入符合标准的高血压居民作为调查对象,采用自行设计的调查问卷及体格检查等项目进行一对一调查和测量。采用Logistic回归模型分析老年高血压患者合并症的影响因素。结果本次研究共调查2821例高血压患者,其中男性1442例(51.12%),女性1379例(48.88%),合并症发生率分别为39.04%和43.80%。不同性别、用药、家族史、患病年限、肥胖、高血压分级与患者合并症的发生率有关。女性患者发生合并症的风险是男性患者1.197倍;相对于不服药的高血压患者,服药高血压患者的OR值为1.679;相对于无高血压家族史的患者,有高血压家族史的OR值为1.390;患病年限越长,合并症风险越大;患者的肥胖程度越高,高血压等级越高,发生合并症风险也越大。结论﹑安庆市农村老年高血压患者发生合并症的风险较高,影响因素较为复杂,需要卫生部门和社会公众对高血压合并症给予更多关注和重视。

Objective:To understand the comorbidities of elderly hypertensive patients in rural Anqing,and analyze its influencing factors,and provide a basis for subsequent research on chronic disease management intervention and policy formulation.Methods:From June to September 2020,through cooperation with county hospitals,townships,and village health centers,combined with the schedule of physical examinations for the local elderly,eight villages and towns in Yuexi County,Anqing City were randomly selected,and eligible hypertensive residents were included as survey subjects.Selfdesigned questionnaires and physical examinations were used to conduct one-to-one surveys and measurements.Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of comorbidities in elderly hypertensive patients.Results:A total of 2821 hypertensive patients were investigated in this study,including 1442 males(51.12%)and 1379 females(48.88%).The incidences of complications was 39.04%and 43.80%,respectively.Different genders,medications,family history,years of illness,obesity,and hypertension grades were related to the incidence of comorbidities.The risk of comorbidities in female patients was 1.197 times that of male patients;compared with non-medicated hypertensive patients,the OR value of medication hypertensive patients was 1.679;compared to patients without a family history of hypertension,the OR value of hypertensive patients which was 1.390;the longer the illness was,the greater the risk of complications was;the higher the obesity of the patient was and the higher the level of hypertension was,and the greater the risk of complications was.Conclusion:Rural elderly hypertensive patients in Yuexi County,Anqing have a higher risk of comorbidities,and the influencing factors are quite complicated.The health department and the public need to pay more attention to comorbidities of hypertension.