医护人员潜伏结核感染暴露现状及预防进展

Status quo of exposure to latent tuberculosis infection and progress of prevention among healthcare workers in China

肺结核是由结核分枝杆菌引起的一类慢性传染性疾病,其发病率、耐药率和病死率均较高,对发展中国家和人民造成了严重的社会经济负担。医疗机构是职业暴露的高发地,医务人员结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染对公共卫生和职业健康都有巨大危害。中国作为全球结核病高负担国家之一,医务人员结核病职业暴露情况不容乐观,感染率远高于发达国家。本文对医务人员潜伏结核感染的流行状况及医疗机构职业防护的现状进行综述。

Tuberculosis(TB)is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.The high incidence rate,drug resistance rate and mortality rate of TB infection cause serious social and economic burden in developing countries.Due to high occupational exposure,medical institutions and healthcare workers take the potential risk of TB infection,which have negative impact on the public health and occupational health.As one of the countries with high burden of TB in the world,the occupational exposure of healthcare workers in China is serious,and the infection rate is far higher than that of developed countries.This article reviews the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection among health care workers and the status quo of occupational protection in medical institutions in China.