C815S衍生水稻两用核不育系的碾磨和外观品质性状配合力分析

Combining Ability Analysis of Milling and Appearance Quality Traits of PTGMS Lines Derived from C815S in Rice

为研究C815S衍生的8个水稻两用核不育系(505S、614S、706S、711S、712S、714S、715S和718S)的碾磨品质和外观品质性状的配合力,采用8个不育系和25个恢复系按不完全双列杂交方案配制的200个杂交组合为试验材料,对糙米率、精米率、整精米率、粒长、粒宽、长宽比、垩白粒率和垩白度8个碾磨品质和外观品质性状进行了配合力分析。所有性状不育系和恢复系的一般配合力方差、不育系×恢复系的特殊配合力方差均达到极显著水平,一般配合力方差明显大于特殊配合力方差。糙米率、粒长、粒宽的恢复系一般配合力方差大于不育系,整精米率、长宽比不育系一般配合力方差大于恢复系,精米率、垩白粒率、垩白度不育系和恢复系一般配合力方差相当。所有性状广义遗传力均在83%以上,狭义遗传力总体上表现为粒宽>粒长>糙米率>长宽比>垩白粒率>整精米率>精米率>垩白度,其中粒长和粒宽的狭义遗传力大于80%,垩白度的狭义遗传力仅35.99%。614S、712S和715S的整精米率和长宽比一般配合力均表现为微弱的负效应或正效应,而垩白粒率和垩白度呈现出较大的负向一般配合力,可望配制出整精米率高、长宽比大、垩白度低的优质杂交稻组合。

To study the combining ability of the milling and appearance quality traits of photoperiod-and thermosensitive genic male sterile(PTGMS)lines derived from C815S in rice,200 hybrids derived from the cross between eight PTGMS lines(505S,614S,706S,711S,712S,714S,715S and 718S)and 25 restorer lines by NCⅡdesign were used as materials to analyze the combining ability of eight milling and appearance quality traits,including brown rice rate(BRR),milled rice rate(MRR),head rice rate(HRR),grain length(GL),grain width(GW),length-width ratio(LWR),chalky rice rate(CRR)and chalkiness degree(CD).The variance of general combining ability(GCA)of male sterile lines and restorer lines and the variance of specific combining ability(SCA)of male sterile line×restorer line were all very significant,and the variance of GCA was obviously higher than that of SCA for all traits.For BRR,GL and GW,the variance of GCA from restorer lines was greater than that from male sterile lines,for HRR and LWR,the variance of GCA from male sterile lines was greater than that from restorer lines,and for MRR,CRR and CD,the variance of GCA from male sterile lines was close to that from restorer lines.The broad sense heritability of all traits was over 83%,and the narrow sense heritability had a trend as GW>GL>BRR>LWR>CRR>HRR>MRR>CD with GW and GL higher than 83%but CD as low as 35.99%.614S,712S and 715S had a weak negative or positive effect in the GCA of HRR and LWR while they had a large negative effect of the GCA of CRR and CD,indicating that they could be used to develop high-quality hybrid combinations with high HRR,large LWR and low chalkiness.