中间品贸易自由化与工资差异

Trade Liberalization of Intermediate Input and Wage Dispersion

基于1998—2007年的中国工业企业数据和关税数据,通过构造倍差法模型实证分析了中间品贸易自由化对制造业工资差异的影响。结果表明:中间品贸易自由化显著降低了制造业企业间的工资差异。这一结论在变更不同的工资离散度计算指标后依然成立。通过中介效应分析可知,中间品贸易自由化主要通过降低生产率离散度来缩小工资差异,而利润渠道的影响并不显著。对不同分位点的工资和生产率的分析亦得出一致结论。通过对制造业行业生产率进行分解后可知,在位企业由于更多地使用进口中间品而忽略了高技能工人的引入及研发投入,进而降低了自身生产率,因此行业生产率亦随之下降。

Based on the data of Chinese industrial enterprises and tariff from 1998 to 2007,this paper analyzes the impact of trade liberalization of intermediate inputs on wage gap between manufacturing enterprises by building difference-in-difference(DID)model with empirical data.The result shows that trade liberalization of intermediate inputs significantly narrows wage gap between firms,which is robust to various wage dispersion calculation.Through the analysis of mediating effect,we find that trade liberalization of intermediate inputs mainly reduces the wage gap by reducing the productivity dispersion,while the influence on profit channel is not significant.The analysis of wage and productivity of different quantiles also reaches the same conclusion.Finally,by decomposing the manufacturing industrial productivity,this paper finds that the incumbent firms use more imported intermediate goods and ignore the introduction of highly skilled workers and R&D investment,thus reducing their own productivity and industrial productivity.