3种胶原蛋白基皮革填充材料在无铬鞣工艺中的应用研究

Application of three collagen based leather filling materials in chrome-free tanning process

无铬鞣目前存在的主要问题是鞣制出来的革负电性强,对后续阴离子染整材料的吸收利用率低,加之适合无铬鞣的配套后整饰材料少,导致无铬鞣的应用受限。本文将齐鲁工业大学实验室自制的氨基树脂、丙烯酸树脂及芳香族合成鞣剂改性的3种胶原蛋白基皮革填充材料(DCL、NCL、PCL)应用于F-90无铬鞣工艺的复鞣填充过程中,通过对坯革的物理机械性能测试和废水中有机物的检测研究了胶原基复合材料用于无铬鞣工艺中对坯革质量及化工材料吸收的影响;通过FTIR、DSC和SEM等手段对鞣剂间的相互作用和反应机理进行了初步研究。结果表明:3种胶原蛋白基皮革填充材料DCL、NCL、PCL均有很好的填充作用,坯革的机械性能得到提升,还可促进皮革对染料和加脂剂的吸收,废水中有机碳降低,说明胶原蛋白基皮革填充材料上的游离-NH_(2)与F-90的氯代三嗪结构产生了有效的化学交联。

At present,the main problems of chrome-free tanning are that the tanned leather has strongnegative charge,low absorption and utilization rate of subsequent anionic dyeing and fatliquor materials,and the lack of matc­hing wet finishing materials suitable for chrome-free tanning,which leads to the limited application of chrome-free tanning.In this study,three collagen-based filling materials(DCL,NCL,PCL)modified by amino resin,acrylic resin and aromatic synthetic tanning agent made by Qilu university were applied to the retanning and filling process of F-90 chrome-free tanning.The physical and mechanical performance test of crust leather,the detection of organics in wastewater and the effect of collagen-based filling materials on the quality of the leather and chemical absorption in the chrome-free tanning process were studied.Meanwhile,preliminary research on the interaction and reaction mech­anism of the tanning agents were conducted by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and scanning electron microscope(SEM).Results show that the three types of collagen-based fill­ing materials of DCL,NCL and PCL have an obvious filling effect and improve mechanical properties,it promots the leather’s absorption of dyes and fatliquor and the organic carbon in the wastewater is reduced,indicating that the free-NH_(2) on the collagen-based filling material and the structure of chlorotriazine in F-90 produce effective chemical cross-linking.