社会网络中节点的结构权力研究

Research on the Node Structure Power in Social Network

【目的/意义】针对社会网络中节点地位评估创新研究的不足,本文引荐一种新的社会网络节点分析指标,即节点的结构权力(Structural Power,简称SP)指标。【方法/过程】首先,给出SP的定义和计算公式,并用示例说明SP的科学性、合理性;然后,选取我国10所高校情报学领域合作团队为例,计算10个合作团队中成员的SP值;之后,构建10个合作团队的合作网络,获取网络中成员的中心性指标;最后,就合作网络中节点成员的SP值与其中心性指标值进行相关分析。【结果/结论】实证研究表明:SP指标与中心性指标呈显著相关性;SP指标能同时兼顾与其他节点的连接数量、第三成员同时与考察成员和其他成员的连接关系,其他成员之间的连接关系等,是基于整体网络连接关系的一种社会网络中节点的结构权力地位与评价指标。【创新/局限】本研究提出的SP指标既能评价社会网络节点中某一成员的中心地位,又能兼顾其他成员在整体网络中的多种关联。但当社会网络中某一节点的SP值发生变化时,该节点对网络信息的控制能力和整体网络的信息接收能力、传播能力也会发生变化,怎样动态评价节点的SP值是未来需要深入探讨的问题。

【Purpose/significance】In view of the lack of innovative research on the evaluation of node status in social networks,this paper proposes a new network node evaluation index that is structural power of the node.【Method/process】Firstly,this paper gives the definition and calculation formula of SP,and illustrates the scientific and rationality of SP by examples.Next,takes the informatics research team of 10 universities in China as examples and calculates the SP value of members about 10 scientific research teams.Then,establishes a cooperative network of 10 research teams to obtain the central indicators of the network members.Finally,analyses the correlation between SP value and central index value of scientific research team members.【Result/conclusion】Empirical research shows that the SP indicator is significantly correlated with central indicators.The SP index can take into account the multiple connections of other members in the overall network,which is an ideal network node evaluation index based on the overall network connection relationship.【Innovation/limitation】The SP index proposed in this study can not only evaluate the central position of a member in the social network node,but also take into account the multiple associations of other members in the whole network.However,when the SP value of a node in the social network changes,the node’s ability to control network information and the overall network’s ability to receive and disseminate information will also change.How to evaluate the SP value of a node dynamically is a problem that needs to be discussed in the future.