地球系统多尺度关键区域与关键过程的智能化测绘

Intelligent and multi-scale surveying of key areas and processes of the Earth system

作为地球系统中对全球气候变化最敏感的关键区域,冰冻圈的关键过程研究备受关注。同时,地球系统多尺度关键过程监测研究的必然趋势是从数字化测绘走向智能化测绘。本文针对冰川融化与海平面上升、极地冰盖稳定性及底部结构、南北极海冰变化与极端气候、冻土退化与地质灾害,以及地球系统下的宜居城市地下空间等5方面总结了智能化观测和智能化处理在地球系统关键过程方面的研究现状,进而展望了地球系统关键区域和关键过程的智能化测绘发展趋势,即健全智能化综合监测网络、建立关键区域大数据中心,以及搭建关键过程智能化模拟与预报系统等。

As the most sensitive key area of the Earth system to global climate change,research on the key processes of the cryosphere has attracted much attention.Meanwhile,the inevitable trend in the multi-scale monitoring study of key processes of the Earth system is to move from digital surveying to intelligent surveying and mapping.This article summarizes the research status quo on the key processes of the Earth system in terms of intelligent observation and processing in five aspects:glacier melting and sea level rise,polar ice cap stability and subsurface structure,Arctic and Antarctic sea ice changes and extreme climates,permafrost degradation and geological disasters,and livable urban underground spaces under the Earth system.Furthermore,it provides the outlook of the development trend of the intelligent surveying and mapping of key areas and key processes of the Earth system,i.e.,to improve the intelligent comprehensive monitoring network,to establish big data centers for key areas,and to build the intelligent model and prediction system of key processes.