基于数据包络模型的我国社区卫生机构资源配置效率分析

Analysis of resource allocation efficiency among community health institutions in China based on DEA model

目的:通过对我国社区卫生机构资源配置效率进行定量评价,为优化我国资源配置,提高资源配置效率提供实证依据。方法:通过DEA-BCC模型和DEA-Malmquist模型对2012—2018年我国30个省(自治区、直辖市)的社区卫生服务机构医疗资源配置效率进行静、动态评价。结果:我国社区卫生机构资源体量提升明显,但仍存在规模投入不足、要素配置不均等问题;资源配置效率整体呈现下降趋势,技术进步是制约全要素生产率提升的关键因素;资源配置效率存在较大的区域差异,地区间发展不平衡。结论:卫生健康行政部门在进一步加大对社区卫生机构投入的同时,各地区也要注意探索社区卫生机构的适宜发展规模,不断提升社区卫生机构的管理水平,促进优质医疗资源的跨区域流动与有序下沉,继续加强基层人才的培养与培训,提高社区医疗技术水平,从而推动社区医疗规模效率和纯技术效率的持续改善,进一步提升社区卫生机构的全要素生产率。

Objective:To provide an empirical basis for optimizing resource allocation and improving the resource allocation efficiency through quantitative evaluation of the allocation efficiency of medical resources in community health institutions in China.Methods:DEA-bcc model and DEA Malmquist model were used to evaluate statistically and dynamically the allocation efficiency of medical resources in 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)of China from 2012 to 2018.Results:The total amount of medical resources of community health institutions in China has increased significantly,but there are still problems such as insufficient volume of resources to be allocated and slightly significant regional differences which show an uneven allocation factor.The overall capital allocation efficiency of community health institutions is declining,and the technological progress is the key factor restricting the total factor production.There are large regional differences and unbalanced regional development in the allocation of community health services in China.Conclusions:While further increasing the investment in community health institutions,the health administrative departments in China should also pay attention to exploring the appropriate development scale of community health institutions,constantly improve the management ability and level of institutions,promote the effective sinking and cross regional flow of high-quality medical resources,strengthen the training of primary medical talents,and improve the level of community medical technology,so as to promote the continuous improvement of scale efficiency and pure technical efficiency of community healthcare resources,and further enhance the total factor production vehicle of community health institutions.