水—粮食—能源纽带关系研究进展与展望

Water-food-energy nexus:Progress,challenges and prospect

水—粮食—能源纽带关系是实现社会经济可持续发展的重要支撑与关键途径。本文系统梳理了纽带关系的概念内涵,回顾了纽带关系的近今进展,发现当前学界对纽带关系的概念内涵和研究框架尚未达成较为一致的认识。在评估方法上,可归纳为基于关键过程视角的评估、基于系统整体视角的评估以及耦合纽带系统内外部要素的综合评估,呈现出由传统部门研究范式到自然科学和社会科学交叉的人地系统耦合研究范式的转变。文献计量分析表明,2000—2019年纽带关系研究发文量呈指数增长,且2015年之后增加尤为显著。在学科分布上,环境科学、食品科学和营养学是研究纽带关系的主要学科,未来应加强地理学的综合性和系统性思维在纽带关系研究中的应用。通过文献回顾发现,当前研究对纽带系统的互馈关系及其演化特征缺乏定量化理解,建议未来应重点关注以下五个前沿议题,即建立纽带关系多源信息数据库、揭示纽带关系耦合系统互馈机理、发展纽带关系耦合系统过程模型、搭建纽带关系耦合系统决策平台以及促进纽带关系多部门协同合作,旨在通过系统治理和科学管控,实现纽带关系系统协同可持续发展。

The water-food-energy nexus(WFE)plays a key role in achieving sustainable development.In this study,we systematically analyzed the concept of the WFE nexus and review its recent progress.We found that the academic communities have not reached a unanimous understanding of the concept of the WFE nexus and research framework.The evaluation methodology of the WFE nexus presents a transition from the traditional sectoral research paradigm to the human-environment system paradigm that considers the intersection of natural science and social science.These methods can also be grouped into three categories:an evaluation based on a critical process,an evaluation based on the whole system,and a comprehensive evaluation that involves coupling the internal and external elements of the WFE nexus.A bibliometric analysis shows that the number of research papers concerning the WFE nexus increased exponentially during 2000 to 2019,and the increase was particularly significant after 2015.Environmental science,food science,and nutrition science are the three main disciplines in WFE nexus research.More important,we need to strengthen the application of geography thinking,that is,comprehensive and systematic thinking,to study the WFE nexus in the future.Based on the literature review,we found that existing research lacked a quantitative understanding of the mutual feedback among the WFE nexus and its evolution.Therefore,we suggest the following five priority areas for future research:establishing a multisource database of the WFE nexus,revealing the mutual feedback mechanism of the WFE nexus,developing a coupling model of the WFE nexus,establishing a decision-making platform for the WFE nexus,and promoting the collaboration of multiple sectors related to the WFE nexus.This will help to achieve a synergetic sustainable development of the WFE nexus through system governance and scientific management.