儿童肾病综合征并发急性肾损伤的早期识别和治疗

Early recognition and treatment of acute kidney injury in children with nephrotic syndrome

肾病综合征(NS)是儿童时期最常见的原发性肾脏疾病之一,急性肾损伤(AKI)是NS的常见并发症,通常继发于低血容量、肾毒性药物暴露和感染等。近年来儿童NS并发AKI发病率有所上升,早期识别、正确诊断及治疗对改善预后至关重要。本文对儿童NS并发AKI的流行病学、病因、发病机制、诊断及治疗的新进展进行阐述。

Nephrotic syndrome(NS)is one of the most common primary kidney diseases during childhood.Acute kidney injury(AKI)is a common complication of NS,caused by severe hypovolemia,nephrotoxic medications,and infections,etc.It has been proved that the incidence of AKI complicated by NS was increased during these years.Early identification,correct diagnosis and treatment are very important to improve the prognosis.Hence,this study reviewed the recent data on epidemiology,mechanism of AKI in NS,early identification,diagnosis and management of this increasingly common complication.