女性乳腺癌风险和保护因素的调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of Risk Factors and Protective Factors of Breast Cancer in Women

目的调查和分析女性乳腺癌发病危险因素和保护因素。方法选取我院2017年12月—2019年6月收治的乳腺癌患者82例(癌症组)和同期来我院进行体检的健康人群82例为研究对象(对照组)。采用问卷调查法收集两组研究对象的详细信息,采用单因素分析和Logistic回归分析女性乳腺癌发病的影响因素。结果单因素分析结果显示:负性生活事件、患乳腺疾病种类数量、流产次数、BMI、高脂饮食次数、参加公益活动、酗酒史、乳腺癌家族史、抗菌药物应用是乳腺癌发病的影响因素,且差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示:负性生活事件、BMI、乳腺癌家族史是女性乳腺癌发病的危险因素,参加公益活动是女性乳腺癌发病的保护因素(P <0.05)。结论本研究提示负性生活事件、BMI值超标、乳腺癌家族史是女性乳腺癌发病的危险因素,参加公益活动是女性乳腺癌发病的保护因素。临床上应针对这一结果对高危人群给予积极的干预措施,对于预防乳腺癌发病具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate and analyze the risk factors and protective factors of breast cancer in women. Methods From December 2017 to June 2019, 82 breast cancer patients(cancer group) and 82 healthy people(control group) were selected as the study objects. Questionnaire survey was used to collect the detailed information of the two groups. Single factor analysis and Logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of breast cancer. Results The results of single factor analysis showed that the scores of negative life events, types of breast diseases, process times, BMI, times of eating meat, participating in public welfare activities, history of drinking alcohol, family history of breast cancer, and application of antibiotics were the influencing factors of breast cancer, and the differences were significant(P < 0.05);the results of Logistic regression analysis showed that negative life events, BMI and family history of breast cancer were the risk factors of breast cancer, and participation in public welfare activities was the protective factor(P < 0.05). Conclusion Negative life events, BMI value exceeding the standard and family history of breast cancer are the risk factors of breast cancer, and participation in public welfare activities is the protective factor. In clinic, we should give active and targeted interventions to the high-risk groups according to the results, which is of great significance for the prevention of breast cancer.