21242例急性呼吸道感染住院患儿嗜肺军团菌分布特征分析

Distribution Characteristics of Legionella Pneumophila in 21242 Hospitalized Children With Acute Respiratory Tract Infection

目的探讨21 242例急性呼吸道感染住院患儿嗜肺军团菌(legionella pneumophila,LP)分布特征。方法选取2015年1月—2019年12月我院住院部收治的急性呼吸道感染(acute respiratory tract infection,ARTI)患儿21 242例作为研究对象,采集血液标本,以酶联免疫吸附法检测LP变化,统计不同年份、不同季节、不同年龄LP分布情况。结果 2016年LP阳性率低于2015年,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);2017年、2019年LP阳性率高于2015年,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05);2017年、2018年、2019年LP阳性率高于2016年,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05);2018年LP阳性率低于2017年,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05);2019年LP阳性率高于2018年,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05);夏季LP阳性率低于春季,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05);秋季LP阳性率高于春季,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05);秋季LP阳性率高于夏季,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);冬季LP阳性率高于夏季,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05);冬季LP阳性率低于秋季,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05);> 1-<3岁、≥3-<5岁、≥5岁LP阳性率高于<1岁,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 LP为急性呼吸道感染重要致病菌,且其感染在不同年份、不同季节和不同年龄间存在差异,多发于秋冬季节和高龄儿童,临床应加以重视。

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of legionella pneumophila(LP) in 21 242 hospitalized children with acute respiratory infection. Methods From January 2015 to December 2019, 21 242 children with acute respiratory tract infection(ARTI) were selected as research objects, blood samples were collected, and the changes of LP were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the distribution of LP in different years, seasons and ages was counted. Results The positive rate of LP in 2016 was lower than that in 2015(P < 0.05). The positive rate of LP in 2017 and 2019 was higher than that in 2015, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05) The positive rate of LP in 2017, 2018 and 2019 was higher than that in 2016, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05) The positive rate of LP in 2018 was lower than that in 2017, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). The positive rate of LP in 2019 was higher than that in 2018, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05) The positive rate of LP in summer was lower than that in spring(P < 0.05). The positive rate of LP in autumn was higher than that in spring(P < 0.05). The positive rate of LP in autumn was higher than that in summer(P < 0.05). The positive rate of LP in winter was higher than that in summer(P < 0.05). The positive rate of LP in winter was lower than that in autumn(P < 0.05). The positive rate of LP in > 1-< 3 years old, ≥ 3-< 5 years old and ≥ 5 years old was higher than that in < 1 year old, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Conclusion LP is an important pathogen of acute respiratory tract infection, and its infection is different in different years, seasons and ages, and it often occurs in autumn and winter and elderly children, which should be paid attention to clinically.