恩格斯系统思想的逻辑进路及其当代价值——基于《自然辩证法》的理解

The Logical Approach and Contemporary Value of Engels’System Thoughts——Based on Dialectics of Nature

恩格斯在《自然辩证法》中立足于近代自然科学的发展及对自然科学思维方法的反思和概括,以对形而上学和唯心主义的批判为切入点,构建起内含着自然观、历史观、认识论和辩证法于一体的系统思想体系,揭示了系统所具有的整体联系性、动态过程性和层次性等特征,为我们呈现出以系统方式存在的世界图景。恩格斯系统思想为辩证法的系统原理和自然科学的哲学方法奠定了基础,恩格斯也成为现代系统论和当代系统哲学的奠基者之一。

In the context of the development of modern natural science,Engels’Dialectics of Nature,starting with the critique of metaphysics and idealism,constructs an integrity of system thoughts including views of nature and history,epistemology and dialectics,based on the reflection to and generalization of natural scientific methods.Engels’system thoughts reveal the characteristics of system,such as integral connection,dynamic processing and structure hierarchy,and so forth,presenting us a world picture in a systematic way.His system thoughts lay the foundation for the system principles of dialectics and the philosophical methods of natural science,while Engels is hence regarded as one of the founders of modern system theory and contemporary system philosophy.