环境信息法立法探讨:背景、内涵及时代使命

Environmental Information Law:Legislative Background,Basic Connotation and Legislative Mission

环境信息法是调整环境治理主体在环境信息活动中产生的社会关系的法律规范的总称,其调整对象是因环境信息活动而产生的法律关系。在新时代的历史方位下,环境信息法立法应肩负新的时代使命,在立法范式上,要实现从压制型法向回应型法转变;在立法理念上,要实现从环境信息公开监督向环境信息服务保障转变;在制度构建上,要实现从单向度的环境信息公开监督制度向环境信息流“全过程”民主参与制度转变;在信息规制模式上,要实现从行政主导的环境信息公开模式向多元主体参与的共建共治共享模式转变;在权利尊重与保障上,要实现从公众环境知情权向公众环境信息权转变。

Environmental information law is the general term of the legal norms that adjust the social relations of the environmental governance subject in the environmental information activities,and its adjustment object is the legal relations generated by the environmental information activities.Under the historical orientation of the new era,the legislation of environmental information law should shoulder the mission of the new era.In terms of legislative paradigm,it should realize the transformation from the oppressive law to the responsive law.In terms of legislation concept,we should realize the transformation from environmental information public supervision to environmental information service guarantee.In the system construction,we should realize the transformation from the one-dimensional environmental information open supervision system to the“whole process”democratic participation system of environmental information flow.In the mode of information regulation,it is necessary to realize the transformation from the administration-led mode of environmental information disclosure to the multi-subject participation mode of co-construction,co-governance and sharing.In respect and protection of rights,we should realize the transformation from the public's right to know about the environment to the public's right to environmental information..