北极东北航道夏季海冰冰情与适航性分析

Analysis of sea ice conditions and navigability of Arctic Northeast Passage in summer

利用经过交叉定标处理后的多源被动微波遥感数据,结合我国“雪龙船”科考船和“永盛轮”商船东北航道航行资料,对北极东北航道夏季的海冰冰情进行分析,探讨东北航道2002~2016年7~10月的适航性。结果表明:多源被动微波遥感数据经过交叉定标处理后,可有效减小其数据间的系统差异,获得一致性更好的长时序卫星观测资料;北极东北航道海冰冰情在逐年减轻,航道适航性愈加良好;航道开通时间窗口集中在8月上旬至10月上旬。北极东北航道中段受海冰影响较大,但海冰影响呈减小趋势,可通航天数不断增加,其中维利基茨基海峡是影响通航的关键区域。北极东北航道夏季海冰冰情与适航性分析可为我国科考船和商船北极安全航行提供参考。

Sea ice conditions of the Arctic Northeast Passage in summer were analyzed based on multisource satellite data by using inter-sensor calibrating processing and the observational data from R/V Xuelong and M/V Yongsheng.The navigability of the Arctic Northeast Passage between July and October from 2002 to 2016 was explored.It is indicated that the inter-sensor calibration could effectively reduce the systematic biases among the passive microwave data.Sea ice extent in the Arctic Northeast Passage was decreasing year by year,with the navigability of the passage showing a trend of improvement.The middle part of the Arctic Northeast Passage was greatly affected by sea ice,especially the Vilkitsky Strait,which is the key area affecting ship navigation.This study could provide a reference for scientific investigation and merchant ship navigation in the Arctic.