不同船艏类型破冰模式差异的数值预报分析

Numerical investigation and analysis of icebreaking mode of icebreakers with different bow types

船艏形状是决定破冰船破冰性能的关键要素之一。为了探究不同船艏型线特征对破冰船破冰性能的影响,本文采用常规型近场动力学方法建立了平整冰层的无网格数值模型,提出了一种基于几何数学概念用于解决冰粒子与船体碰撞问题的接触检测算法,最后应用消息传递接口(MPI)并行技术搭建了破冰船破冰过程的数值预报方法,并在FORTRAN语言环境下编写了相关计算程序。基于该仿真程序,分别预报了传统型破冰船艏形状和非传统型破冰船艏形状连续冲破平整冰层的过程,并对传统型破冰船艏的计算结果与试验结果进行了比较,验证了本文所搭建的模型的准确性。对比了两种不同船艏破冰船的破冰模式和破冰载荷特征,分析了两种破冰船艏形状各自的优缺点。本文进行的研究对于破冰船的设计具有一定的工程参考价值。

Bow shape is one of the critical factors to determine the icebreaking performance of an icebreaker.In order to explore the influence of different bow profiles on the icebreaking performance of icebreakers,a meshless numerical model of ice is established by using the ordinary state-based peridynamics(PD).A fast contact detection algorithm(FCDA)based on geometric mathematics concept is proposed to solve the contact problem between ice particles and the ship hull.Finally,the computational investigation method of icebreaking process is developed by using the parallel technology of message passing interface(MPI),and the executable programme based on FORTRAN is presented.Based on the simulation program,the continuous icebreaking process of icebreakers with a conventional bow shape and an unconventional bow shape is predicted respectively.The results of the conventional icebreaker bow shape are compared with the experimental ones,which verifies the accuracy of the model developed in this paper.The icebreaking modes and icebreaking resistance of two different bow-shape icebreakers are compared and analyzed,and the advantages and disadvantages of the two different bow shapes are discussed.The research work presented in this paper has a certain engineering reference value for the design of icebreakers.