机油温度对多缸柴油机润滑系统性能影响的试验研究

Effects of Oil Temperature on Lubrication System Performance for Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine

针对某V型多缸柴油机,搭建了润滑系统压力测试平台,测试了机油温度40~115℃范围内,发动机转速800~2200 r/min范围内,润滑系统各关键节点的机油压力、发动机阻力矩和机械损失功率,研究了机油温度对发动机润滑系统性能和机械损失的影响规律,并对极限工况下的润滑特性作出预估。结果表明:各转速下,随着机油温度的升高,润滑系统各关键节点的机油压力均降低,各关键节点间的机油压力损失也随机油温度升高而降低;在试验温度范围内,各关键节点中机油散热器的流阻和其随温度的变化率均最大;右排主油道压降大于左排主油道压降,二者差值随温度升高而减小。发动机机械损失功率和阻力矩均随着机油温度升高而降低,相同温度区间内发动机阻力矩的变化率随发动机转速增大而增大。

A pressure test platform of lubrication system was built for a V-type multi-cylinder diesel engine.The oil pressure,engine resistance moment and mechanical power loss at the key nodes of lubrication system were measured in the range from 40℃to 115℃between 800 r/min and 2200 r/min.The effects of oil temperature on the performance of engine lubrication system and mechanical loss were studied and the lubrication characteristics under extreme working conditions were predicted.The results show that the oil pressure at each key node of lubrication system and the oil pressure loss between each key node decrease with the increase of oil temperature at each speed.The flow resistance of oil radiator and its changing rate with temperature are the largest in the range of test temperature.The pressure drop of main oil passage on the right is larger than that on the left and the difference between them decreases with the increase of temperature.Both the mechanical power loss and the resistance moment decrease with the increase of oil temperature,and the changing rate of resistance moment increases with the increase of speed among the same temperature range.