京张高铁典型站房室内环境品质与旅客满意度实测研究

Indoor Environment Quality and Passenger Satisfaction in Typical Beijing-Zhangjiakou High-Speed Railway Stations

使用后评估(POE)方法,对京张高铁沿线2个气候区的3个高铁站房开展了室内环境品质与旅客满意度测试,包括热环境、空气质量和光环境,积累了163份旅客主观满意度问卷,对不同高铁站房的室内环境质量与旅客满意度进行对比分析。测试期间,京张高铁清河站、八达岭长城站候车大厅的室内热环境Ⅱ级热舒适度指标达标率分别为45%、38%,太子城站主要室内功能空间的温度为6.6~17.1℃,清河站、八达岭长城站存在夏季室内过热过湿的情况,而太子城站存在过渡季室内过冷的情况。3站房室内CO2浓度、PM2.5浓度控制效果良好,大多数主要功能空间照度值高于国标照度标准值。3站房旅客总体满意度平均水平在"刚好满意"与"满意"之间,旅客最关心因素前三位分别为温度、登车提示、空气品质,提示未来高铁站房的设计建造应对此3点提高重视程度。

With Post Occupancy Evaluation(POE) method, the indoor environment measurements and passengers’ satisfaction survey in three typical Beijing-Zhangjiakou High-Speed Railway Stations in two climate zones are expounded, covering thermal environment, indoor air environment and lighting environment. Using accumulative objective environmental data and 163 subjective questionnaire samples, the indoor environment quality and passenger satisfaction among different Railway Stations are analyzed and compared. During the test period, the indoor thermal environment compliance rates of the waiting halls of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou High-speed Railway Qinghe Railway Station and Badaling Great Wall Railway Station were 45% and 38%, respectively. The temperature of the main indoor functional spaces of Taizicheng Railway Station was 6.6~17.1 ℃. The inner space of Qinghe Railway Station and Badaling Great Wall Railway Station were overheated and humid in summer, while the inner space of Taizicheng Railway Station was too cold during the transition season. The indoor CO2 concentration and PM2.5 concentration was good, and the illuminance values of most main functional spaces are higher than the national standard illuminance values. The average level of overall satisfaction of passengers in the three stations is between "just satisfied" and "satisfied". The top three factors that passengers care about most are temperature, boarding reminders, and air quality, suggesting that the design and construction of future high-speed railway stations should draw more attention to these three points.