沈阳超低能耗建筑夏季夜间通风效果分析

Night Ventilation Analysis of Ultra-low Energy Buildings of Shenyang City in Summer

随着社会的发展进步,节能、环保、健康、舒适的理念越来越受到关注和重视。近年来"超低能耗建筑"代表着建筑业的发展方向,成为了建筑未来的趋势。夜间通风作为进一步节能的手段发挥着非常重要的作用。基于GB50785—2012《民用建筑室内热湿环境评价标准》,以沈阳地区某超低能耗示范建筑为例,分别进行了全日封闭和夜间通风状态下室内外全天温湿度实验测试,并对室内热舒适性进行了研究。测试数据结果表明:全日封闭状态下,室内热湿环境能达到Ⅱ级舒适区,通过夏季夜间自然通风与机械通风均能使建筑室内达到Ⅰ级舒适区的标准。同时室内温度最高值出现时刻较室外高温峰值时刻分别推迟了1.5 h、2 h,延长了低温舒适的时间。室内温度最高值较室外温度最高值分别降低9.3℃、9.7℃,建筑室内因日间生活所积累的湿度也得到了有效的降低,夏季夜间通风对提升室内温湿度品质起到了良好的效果。由于通过夏季夜间自然通风与机械通风均能使该超低能耗建筑完全达到Ⅰ级舒适区的标准,并且室内温度峰值差别较小,考虑到机械通风比自然通风耗能,也会增加投资费用,因此从综合角度出发在北方地区的超低能耗建筑中,选用夏季夜间自然通风为最终方案。

With the development of society,the concepts of energy saving,environmental protection and health and comfort have received more and more attention in recent years."Ultra-low Energy Buildings"represents the development direction of the construction industry,which is the future trend of architecture.The night ventilation plays an important role as a means of further energy conservation.Based on the"Evaluation Standard for Indoor Thermal Environment in Civil Buildings",an ultra-low energy demonstration building in Shenyang is analyzed,and the indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity experimental tests are carried out under the conditions of closed all day and night ventilation,as well as the indoor thermal comfort.The results of the test data show that,the indoor thermal and humid environment of the building can reach the Class II comfort zone level while closed all day,and both the natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation at night in summer can make the indoor rooms reach the level I comfort zone standard.Meanwhile,the highest value of indoor temperature was delayed by 1.5 h and 2 h respectively from the time of outdoor high temperature peak,extending the time of low temperature comfort.The maximum indoor temperature is lower than the maximum outdoor temperature by 9.3 and 9.7℃,respectively.The accumulated humidity in the room has also been effectively reduced.Night ventilation in summer has a good effect on improving the quality of indoor temperature and humidity.Both natural and mechanical ventilation at night in summer can make the ultra-low energy building reach the standard of Class I comfort zone,and the peak indoor temperature difference is smaller.Considering that the mechanical ventilation consumes more energy than natural ventilation with increased investment costs,natural ventilation at night in summer is the final plan in the ultra-low energy buildings in the north of China from a comprehensive point of view.