环磷酰胺在皮肤病中的临床应用

Application of Cyclophosphamide in Dermatological Disease

环磷酰胺是一种具有细胞毒性和免疫抑制作用的药物,作为免疫抑制剂被广泛应用于临床治疗中。其机制是通过破坏DNA介导细胞凋亡,B细胞相比于T细胞对环磷酰胺更敏感。在皮肤病的领域中,环磷酰胺主要用于治疗自身免疫性皮肤病或皮肤肿瘤,包括大疱性皮肤病、系统性硬皮病、红斑狼疮、皮肌炎、血管炎、皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤等。其药物不良反应包括出血性膀胱炎、骨髓抑制、呕吐、不育及癌症。本文将详细介绍环磷酰胺在各类皮肤病中的应用,包括其机理及毒副作用,为皮肤病的临床治疗提供相关依据。

Cyclophosphamide(CTX),an immunosuppressant,has been widely used in clinical treatment with its cytotoxic and immunosuppressive function.CTX contributes to apoptosis of cells by directly destroying their DNA strains,and B lymphocytes are more susceptible to CTX than T lymphocytes.In the field of dermatology,CTX is mostly applied in treatment of auto immune disease and skin tumor,including bullous dermatosis,systemic sclerosis,lupus erythematosus,dermatomyositis,vasculitis,and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.The adverse effects of CTX consist of hemorrhagic cystitis,myelosuppression,vomiting,infertility and cancer.The paper introduces the mechanism,clinical application,and side effects of CTX in different dermatological diseases.