营养干预及耳部改良包扎在人工耳蜗植入患者术后切口恢复中的应用研究

Application of nutritional intervention and modified ear bandaging in postoperative incision recovery in cochlear implant patients

目的研究营养干预及改良术后耳部包扎在提高人工耳蜗植入患者术后切口恢复质量的应用效果。方法选取2019年1月至2020年1月在我院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科收治的72例接受人工耳蜗植入术的患者为研究对象,随机将其分为观察组和对照组,每组各36例。其中对照组患者采取营养筛查,术后切口换药后加压包扎,观察组患者经营养筛查后行营养干预及术后换药用敷料覆盖切口、粘贴型泡沫敷料包围耳廓,再行加压包扎方法,对比两组患者的营养状况及术后切口恢复情况。结果(1)两组患者入院时营养良好和营养不良比较无明显差异(P>0.05),术后1周,观察组患者营养状况优于对照组(P<0.05);(2)两组患者入院当日及术后1周人体测量指标和血液指标的比较,入院当日两组数据比较无明显差异(P>0.05),术后一周两组数据差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)比较两组患者耳部压红情况、并发症发生率、住院时间,观察组术后恢复优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论营养干预及改良术后耳部包扎能改善人工耳蜗植入患者营养状况与术后恢复质量,提高患者耳部包扎的舒适度,适合推广。

Objective To investigate the effect of nutritional intervention and modified postoperative ear bandaging in improving the quality of postoperative incision recovery in cochlear implant patients.Methods A total of72 patients who underwent cochlear implantation in Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from January 2019 to January 2020 were selected as subjects.The patients were randomly divided into observation group(n=36)and control group(n=36).The control group was given nutritional screening and pressure bandaging after dressing change over the incision after surgery.The observation group was given nutritional intervention following nursing screening,and after surgery,the incision was covered with dressing after dressing change;the auricle was wrapped with adhesive foam dressing,followed by pressure bandaging.The two groups were compared in terms of nutritional status and postoperative incision recovery.Results(1)On admission,there was no significant difference in nutritional status(good nutrition and malnutrition)between the two groups(P>0.05).One week after surgery,the observation group had a significantly better nutritional status than the control group(P<0.05).(2)There were no significant differences in anthropometric and blood parameters between the two groups on admission(both P>0.05),while there were significant differences in those between the two groups at one week after surgery(both P<0.05).(3)The observation group had significantly better postoperative recovery,including status of ear reddening,incidence of complications,and length of hospital stay,than the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion Nutritional intervention and modified postoperative ear bandaging can improve the nutritional status and postoperative recovery quality of cochlear implant patients,and improve the comfort of ear bandaging in patients,which holds promise for application.