我国《民法典》时代雇佣关系的法律适用

The legal application of employment relations in the era of Chinese Civil Code

雇佣关系在我国由来已久,并且其在现代社会仍然承担着重要角色。然而在我国现行民法制度框架下,雇佣关系的适用却存在着诸多困境:雇佣关系与劳动关系难以界分、雇员的人格尊严、人身权保护的水平不高。为解决上述困境,一方面通过分析雇佣关系的非社会化特征以及指示权行使特征,重新定义了雇佣关系,从而使雇佣关系更好地适用于《民法典》;另一方面综合运用《民法典》的体系优势、结合《社会保险法》对雇佣关系中雇员的人格权的易损性、雇主滥用指示权、雇员意外伤害维权难等问题进行规范和矫正。

In China,employment relations have a long history,and still assume an important role in modern society.However,under the framework of the current civil law system,the application of employment relations is faced with many difficulties:it is hard to distinguish employment relations and labor relations and the protection level for employees'personal dignity and right of personality is not high.To solve the above dilemma,this article redefines employment relations by analyzing the non-socialized characteristics of employment relations and the features of the exercise of the right of instruction,thus making employment relations more applicable to the Civil Code.On the other hand,by making a comprehensive use of the institutional advantages of the Civil Code,combined with the Social Insurance Law,the author regulates and corrects the vulnerability of employees'right of personality in employment relations,the employers'abuse of the right of instruction and the difficulty in claiming rights after employees are injured accidentally.