头痛的诊断思路与方法:《国际头痛分类第三版》的应用

The clinic reasoning of headache:application of The International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd Edition

头痛是临床上最常见的主诉症状之一,临床表现复杂,病因多样,正确的诊断思路和方法十分重要。要掌握头痛的诊断分类,识别常见头痛疾病的临床特点,临床实践中首先要进行详细的病史询问,了解头痛的发作性质和类型、持续时间、伴随症状及相关病史;其次应进行相关的体格检查和针对性辅助检查,不加选择的辅助检查并无助于诊断。本文结合《国际头痛分类第三版》的诊断标准,阐述如何通过病史询问、体格检查和辅助检查建立头痛疾病的诊断思路。

Headache is one of the most common clinical complaints,with complex clinical manifestations and diverse causes.Correct clinical reasoning and methods are very important.Therefore,it is necessary to grasp the diagnostic classification of headaches and identify the clinical characteristics of common headache diseases.Firstly,a detailed medical history inquiry is required to understand the nature and type of headache,duration,accompanying symptoms and related medical history in clinical practice.Secondly,relevant physical examinations and targeted auxiliary examinations should be carried out,and indiscriminate auxiliary examinations can’t contribute to diagnosis.Based on the above process,the etiological diagnosis of different headache diseases can be completed.This article intends to combine the diagnostic criteria of The International Classification of Headache Disorders,3 rd Edition to explain how to make a diagnosis of headache diseases through medical history inquiry,physical examination and auxiliary examinations.