功能认知对农户宅基地退出补偿期望的影响——基于家庭生命周期视角

The impacts of functional cognition on farmers’compensation expectation of transferring rural residential land:From the perspective of family life cycle

探究合适的宅基地退出补偿方式,对激发农户退出内生动力、推动宅基地退出政策实施进程、扩大农村宅基地制度改革成效具有重要意义。本文通过构建农户功能认知对其宅基地退出补偿期望的理论分析模型,利用四川省邛崃市375份农户调查数据,分析农户功能认知对其退出补偿期望的影响,探讨家庭生命周期在其中的差异性调节作用。结果表明,有七成农户愿意退出宅基地,退出意愿较高。不愿意退出宅基地农户的原因主要是补偿未达到期望。农户功能认知对其宅基地退出补偿期望有正向显著影响,农户保障功能认知、经济功能认知、心理功能认知对其宅基地退出补偿期望均为正向显著影响。所处家庭生命周期阶段不同,农户宅基地功能认知对其宅基地退出补偿期望的影响存在显著差异。其中,抚养期农户家庭,经济功能认知对其宅基地退出补偿期望影响更显著;负担期农户家庭,经济功能认知和心理功能认知对其宅基地退出补偿期望影响更显著;稳定期农户家庭,三项功能认知对其宅基地退出补偿期望影响均显著;赡养期和空巢期农户家庭,保障功能认知对其宅基地退出补偿期望影响更显著。因此,提出针对不同家庭完善差异化补偿措施,落实配套措施弱化保障依赖,优化补偿方案满足经济期待,提高福利水平增强心理获得感的建议。

It is of great significance to explore appropriate compensation for quitting rural residential land to stimulate farmers’endogenous motivation to transfer rural residential land,to promote the implementation process of the policy of transferring rural residential land,and to expand the effectiveness of institutional reform.Based on a survey data of 375 households in Qionglai,Sichuan Province,this paper employs the theoretical analysis model to investigate the impacts of functional cognition on farmers’compensation expectation of transferring rural residential land,and to explore the regulatory effects of family life cycle in the above impacts.Results show that:70%of farmers have a high willingness to transfer rural residential land.The main reason for farmers not willing to transfer rural residential land is that the compensation has not reached their expectation.Farmers’functional cognition has significant positive impacts on the compensation expectation of transferring rural residential land.Specifically,farmers’security functional cognition,economic functional cognition and psychological functional cognition have positive effects.The effect of functional cognition is significantly different in different family life cycle stages:1)in the fostering period,the cognition of economic function has more significant impacts;2)in the burdening period,the cognition of economic and psychological functions have more significant impacts;3)in the stable period,the cognitions of economic,psychological and security functions have more significant impacts;and 4)in the maintenance period and the empty nest period,the cognition of security function has more significant impacts.Therefore,this paper provides some policy suggestions,including improving differentiated compensation measures for different family types,implementing the supporting safeguard measures to weaken the security dependence,optimizing the compensation scheme of transferring rural residential land to meet the economic expectations,strengthening basic services,and improving the living environment after transferring rural residential land to help people gain a stronger sense of benefit.