中国共产党干部选任的能力导向——来自省委常委的证据(1983—2012年)

Competence-oriented Cadre Selection of the Chinese Communist Party:Evidence from the Members of Standing Committee of Provincial Party Committee,1983-2012

省委常委是中国共产党"政治家集团"的重要后备力量。本文基于1983年至2012年全国1563位省委常委的定量分析表明:三十年间,拥有理工科全日制学历、地市党政一把手任职经历、中央机关和国家部委工作经历、高校工作经历,以及在更多省份担任相对更长时间的省委常委,对样本获得向正省级实质领导岗位的晋升具有促进作用;在不同时期,拥有经济专业本科学历、农村工作经历、多个省直部门工作经历,对样本的晋升亦会有所助益。这反映出中国共产党高级领导干部选任的能力导向:按照建设知识化专业化的高素质干部队伍需要,那些接受过技术特点更为突出的高等教育,并在不同层级和条线的多岗位历练中形成了较强的推动经济社会各领域发展与治理能力的干部,在面临去往更重要领导岗位的选拔时占有先机;而不同时期具体能力侧重的变化,又与中国国家现代化的持续推进相呼应,反映了发展质量和治理水平对干部能力要求的不断提升。

The standing committee of the provincial Party committee plays a leadership role in local economic and social development,and the member of the standing committee of the provincial party committee is an important reserve force of"statesman group"of the Chinese Communist Party.Based on the quantitative analysis of 1563 standing committee members of the provincial Party committee from1983 to 2012,this paper finds that,in the past 30 years,the members of the standing committee of the provincial Party committee who meet the following conditions are relatively easy to get substantive promotion,including full-time education in science and engineering,experience as a top party or government leader in prefecture level cities,working record in central or national ministries and universities,and the long-term working experience in many provinces.Furthermore,in different periods,holding a bachelor degree in economics or having working experience in rural areas or serving as the head of several provincial departments will also be helpful to the promotion of the standing committee members.The above findings reflect the competence orientation in CPC cadre selecting,which is,those cadres who have higher education experience in fields with outstanding technical characteristics,and have competencies for facilitating better development and governance in different levels and post experiences often have advantages in promotion.Meanwhile,the significant changes of competence characteristics in different periods corresponds with the continuous advancement of China’s national modernization,which also reveals the increasing requirements of the development quality and governance level on cadres’competence.