基于清档的清代六和塔研究

Research on Liuhe Pagoda in Qing Dynasty according to Archives in Qing Dynasty

本文从清档入手,对六和塔在清代的修缮及灾变情况进行研究。结果表明,六和塔在清代至少经历了五次修理,分别在雍正、乾隆、嘉庆、道光和光绪五朝。其中乾隆、嘉庆和道光修理都是仅历数月、费银数千的小修;雍正修理是用时两年半、费银过万的中修;光绪修理则是耗时九年多、费银十万余的大修。而六和塔在道光二十三年(1843)曾遭火焚,这是六和塔在清代最大的一次灾变。该研究基本厘清了六和塔在清代的修缮和灾变情况,为进一步基于建筑实物的清代修缮状况考察提供了依据。

The article starts with the Qing archives and examines the repair and disaster of the Liuhe Pagoda in the Qing Dynasty.It was found that Liuhe Pagoda had been repaired at least five times in that period:Yongzheng Reign(1723-1735),Qianlong Reign(1736-1795),Jiaqing Reign(1796-1820),Daoguang Reign(1821-1850)and Guangxu Reign(1875-1908).The repairs in Qianlong Reign,Jiaqing Reign and Daoguang Reign were all minor repairs that had taken several months and thousands of taels of silver in each work.The repair in Yongzheng Reign was medium scale.It took two and a half years and over ten thousands of taels of silver.The project in Guangxu Reign is the biggest one and it took above nine years and more than one hundred thousand of taels of silver.Further the pagoda had caught fire on the night of November 14th in 1843AD and this is the biggest disaster the pagoda had suffered in the Qing Dynasty.This study basically clarified the repair and disaster situation of Liuhe Pagoda in the Qing Dynasty and provided a basis for future research on the history of construction technology based on the pagoda itself.