全双工射频识别技术的过鱼效果监测与分析

Monitoring and Analysis of Fish Passage Efficiency by Full Duplex RFID Technology

全双工射频识别系统(RFID)相较于半双工具有操作简便、数据传输方便等优势,国外广泛应用于鱼道过鱼效果评价。针对而国内相关研究较少的现状,以植有PIT标签的仿野生齐口裂腹鱼(Schizothorax prenanti)识别与否作为评判系统监测效率高低的依据,定量分析鱼体入射角度、鱼体入射范围、鱼体长大小和游泳速度对全双工射频识别系统监测效率的影响,以接收到监测数据作为因变量,构建Logistic回归模型,利用AIC模型准则筛选出最优的Logistic回归模型。结果表明,游泳速度(P=0.001)和鱼体长大小(P=0.03)与系统成功监测概率呈负相关。鱼体入射角度(0°~90°)对系统监测效率的影响不显著(P>0.05);鱼体入射范围0~10 cm的监测效率显著高于入射20~30 cm和30~40 cm(P<0.05)。为进一步提高鱼道监测效率,建议在开展实际鱼道工程监测前,应掌握鱼类基础参数(如体长)和行为(如游泳速度)数据,合理布置天线位置,将有助于为监测评估后的鱼道优化设计提供技术支撑和数据参考。

Quantitatively evaluating the detection efficiency of fish passage monitoring systems is necessary if they are to be reliably used to evaluate fish passage efficiency.Compared with the half-duplex radio frequency identification system(RFID),the full-duplex RFID has the advantages of simple operation and convenient data transmission.In recent years,it has been widely applied in evaluating fish passage efficiency.However,few studies have been done in China,and detection efficiency has not been established.In this study,the monitoring efficiency of a full-duplex radio frequency identification system was evaluated based on its recognition of tagged Schizothorax prenanti after entering the system.Fish incidence distance,incidence angle,body length and swimming speed were selected as independent variables and their effect on detection efficiency were quantized.The response of detection efficiency to the independent variables was analyzed using a logistic regression model,and the most appropriate prediction model was screened using AIC criteria.We found that swimming speed(P=0.001)and body length(P=0.03)correlated negatively with fish detection efficiency.The effect of the incidence angle of fish(0°-90°)on monitoring efficiency was not significant(P>0.05).The monitoring efficiency of fish with an incidence distance of 0-10 cm was significantly higher than that of fish with incidence ranges of 20-30 cm and 30-40 cm(P<0.05).To improve the accuracy of fish passage monitoring,we recommend that data on fish physiology(such as body length)and swimming behavior(such as swimming speed)should be obtained in order to properly position the antenna before a full duplex RFID monitoring system is put in operation to provide data for fishway optimization.