黄河源区中雨近地面水汽输送特征及路径分析

Characteristics and path analysis of water vapor transport of moderate rain near the surface in the source region of the Yellow River

为探明黄河源区中雨近地面水汽输送特征,采用拉格朗日轨迹模型HYSPLIT 4.9,利用2012-2016年NCEP/NCAR 0.75°×0.75°三维风场再分析数据、地面气象站点降水数据,对黄河源区中雨近地面水汽迹线进行模拟和聚类分析,探讨黄河源区水汽来源、水汽路径和不同水汽路径对源区降水贡献率。结果表明:黄河源区中雨主要集中于5-10月,6个气象站点中雨近地面共有1074条水汽输送迹线,聚类后共8条水汽输送路径,其中有2条水汽输送路径对源区中雨降水起着主导作用,源于印度洋和孟加拉湾附近的西南路径及起源于中亚和巴尔喀什湖附近的西北路径,对该源区的贡献率分别为36.2%、25.6%,西南路径的水汽贡献率大于西北路径。本研究结果对认识黄河源区水汽来源及降水规律、上游来水预报等具有参考价值。

In order to examine the characteristics of water vapor transport of moderate rain near the surface in the source region of the Yellow River,simulation and cluster analysis of water vapor traces of moderate rain near the surface in the region are carried out to discuss the source of water vapor,the paths of water vapor and the contribution rate of different water vapor paths to the precipitation in the region by using Lagrangian trajectory model HYSPLIT 4.9 and NCEP/NCAR 0.75°×0.75°three-dimensional wind field reanalysis data and precipitation data of ground weather stations from 2012 to 2016.The results show that the moderate rain in the source region is mainly concentrated from May to October.There are 1074 water vapor transport paths at 6 weather stations.There are 8 water vapor transport paths after clustering,among which 2 paths play a leading role in the moderate rain precipitation in the source region.The contribution rates of the southwest path from Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal as well as the northwest path from Central Asia and Lake Balkhash to the source region are 36.2%and 25.6%respectively.The contribution rate of water vapor in the south­west path is greater than that in the northwest path.The results are of great reference value for under standing the source of water vapor,precipitation rules and prediction of upstream water inflow in the source region of the Yellow River.