译文两篇:谭恩美论美国华裔的语言经历和体验

Two Pieces of Translation:Amy Tan on the Language and Physical Experiences of Chinese Americans

本文是谭恩美两篇散文的译文。在《谨慎的语言》和《母语》中,谭恩美结合自己的创作和生活经历分析了华裔和她作为华裔作家的语言经历和体验,认为美国主流社会对英汉语言差异的认知再现了西方对华人的“认知暴力”,英语和其他语言以及不同形式的英语间有着隐蔽的层级关系,居于中心的是标准英语,而非标准英语的使用者则受到来自权力中心的惩罚。华裔和华裔作家带有族裔色彩的英语既是传达族群经验的需要,也对标准英语及其背后主流社会的意识形态具有“解辖域化”的功能。美华作家以论说文、序言、访谈、散文等文体形式对美国华裔文学在语言、题材、主题和作家主体性等方面的评论是美华文学批评的重要组成部分,对理解华裔族群在美国的生存经验以及华裔文学的创作和批评具有重要意义。

This contains translation in Chinese of two essays by Amy Tan,‘The Language of Discretion’and‘Mother Tongue’,in which Tan, in relation to her own writing and living experience, conducts an analysis of the language and physical experiences of Chinese Americans and herself as a Chinese American writer, with the opinion that the cognizance of the differences between English and Chinese by mainstream American society represents the epistemic violence of the West towards the Chinese, that English and other languages as well as different kinds of English have a hidden relationship of levels between them, with the standard English taking the central position, and that the users of non-standard English get punished by the centre of power. That Chinese Americans and Chinese American writers speak ethnic-coloured English is a need to convey their ethnic experience and performs the function of deterritorialization in relation to the standard English and the ideology that lies behind the mainstream society. The comments the Chinese American writer makes on language, themes and writer subjectivity of Chinese American writers in the genres of expository essays, prefaces, interviews, and essays are an important part of Chinese American literary criticism and are important to the understanding of the living experience of ethnic Chinese communities in America and of the Chinese American creation and criticism.