全球碳中和LNG贸易特点及挑战

Characteristics and Challenges of Global Carbon Neutrality LNG Trading

碳中和LNG是天然气行业应对能源转型的创新之举,伴随着多船碳中和LNG交易的探索性开展,其作为绿色转型的抓手为国际石油公司所青睐。在重点分析了碳中和LNG贸易的发展趋势、特点以及面临挑战的基础上,对中国参与碳中和LNG贸易提出对应建议。研究认为,碳中和LNG具有一定的市场增长潜力,贸易价格将主要受碳价和LNG市场供需影响,但是目前还存在碳排放量难监测、碳减排认证不完善、价格传导不顺畅等实际问题。建议企业积极关注全球碳中和LNG的发展趋势,利用市场化的手段降低碳中和LNG进口成本,中国政府部门加快完善碳市场体系,支持碳中和LNG贸易发展。

Carbon neutrality LNG is an innovation approach for the natural gas industry to cope with energy transition.With the exploratory development of multi-ship carbon neutrality LNG trading,it is favored by international oil corporations as a starting point for green transition.This paper proposes the corresponding suggestions on China’s participation in carbon neutrality LNG trading based on the analysis on the development trend,characteristics and challenges of carbon neutrality LNG trading.The study shows that there is certain potential for carbon neutrality LNG in market growth.The trade price will be mainly affected by carbon price and LNG market supply-demand relationship;however,there are still some practical problems,such as difficult monitoring of carbon emission,imperfect certification of carbon emission reduction and poor price transmission.It is suggested that enterprises should pay more attention to the development trend of global carbon neutrality LNG and reduce the import costs of carbon neutrality LNG by using market-oriented methods.Moreover,Chinese government departments should accelerate the improvement of carbon market system to support the development of carbon neutrality LNG trading.