恩格斯辩证唯物论与唯物辩证法思想论析--驳“马恩对立论”

Analysis on Engels'Dialectical Materialism and Materialistic Dialectics--Refutation against"Conflicts between Marx and Engels"

恩格斯晚年的辩证唯物论与唯物辩证法思想是“马恩对立论”最主要的抨击目标,部分西方学者在制造出对立的两种“唯物主义”(经济唯物主义与自然哲学唯物主义)和“辩证法”(社会历史辩证法和自然辩证法)的基础上,制造出对立的两种哲学理论(历史唯物主义和辩证唯物主义)乃至思想体系(马克思主义和恩格斯主义),其背后的思想根源是由主客二分的认识论框架与主体性原则所导致的自然—社会二元思维,而这种思维方式是马克思极力批判的。实际上,马克思通过阐释人与自然的生产性互动揭示自然与社会的整体性,恩格斯则在更广泛意义上通过分析物质运动形态之间的辩证关系来证明这一结论,因此,两个人的思想从根本上来说是一致的。

Engels's Dialectical materialism and Materialistic dialectics in his later years are the main targets of"Conflicts Between Marx and Engels",Based on the two opposite"materialism"(Economic materialism and Philosophical materialism)and"dialectics"(Social historical dialectics and Natural dialectics),some western scholars have created two opposite philosophical theories(Historical materialism and Dialectical materialism)and even ideological system(Marxism and Engelsism).The ideological root is the Nature-Society dualism,which is caused by traditional western philosophical“Subject and object”binary opposition and principle of subjectivity.Marx strongly criticized this idea,he revealed the integrity of nature and society by explaining the productive interaction between man and nature,while Engels proved this conclusion by analyzing the dialectical relationship between material movement forms in a broader sense.Therefore,the ideas of Marx and Engels are fundamentally the same.