摘要
在法兰西公学院课程中,罗兰·巴尔特基于文学文本的小说性模拟构想了一种个人节奏性共同体,该共同体以自我与他者的伦理距离为根本问题,呈现出离散和差异的中性特征。在这一没有共性的共同体中,自我与他者的绝对相异以及相互质询促使共同体的语言从理解走向对话。于是,存在论话语的暴力被源于中性的至善所消解。在思考和构建个人节奏性共同体的过程中,巴尔特重申了文学的乌托邦功能,他对语言与文学的思考发生了从“零度”到“中性”的深刻变革。同时,巴尔特对写作与世界之关联问题的理解经历了从反思共同体之可能条件到伦理学的彻底转变,而他试图解决现代性危机和复兴文学之伦理学的努力亦呈现于对这一至善的乌托邦的构想之中。
At the College of France,Roland Barthes conceived of an individual-rhythmic community based on the fictional simulation of literary texts.The community takes the ethical distance between the self and the other as the fundamental issue,and presents the neutrality of separation and difference.In this community with no commonality,the absolute difference and the mutual inquiry between the self and the other evolve its language from understanding to dialoguing,so that the violence of ontological discourse shall be dispelled by the supreme good emanating from neutrality.While deliberating and constructing such community,Barthes also reiterated the utopian function of literature,with his reflections on language and literature transforming profoundly from the“zero degree”to the“neutral”.Also,his understanding of the connection between the writing and the world marked a radical turn from contemplating the possible conditions for the community to ethics.His attempts to solve the crisis of modernity and to revive the ethics of literature are also crystalized in his conception of this supreme utopia.
基金
陕西省教育厅科研计划项目(项目编号20JK0371)资助。
