释《庄子·刻意》中的“导引”

Interpreting"Daoyin"in Chuang-tzu Keyi

《庄子·刻意》中的"导引"系目前已知最早的"导引"之文,可谓"导引"的典源。文章通过词汇学的有关理论、方法对其进行了系统地分析,认为其与现代汉语中的"导引"有较大差异。在现代汉语中,"导引"是一个名词,表示"一种传统体育医疗方法",而《庄子·刻意》中的"导引"则是一个动词性并列词组,表示两种动作,即"宣导"和"牵引"。循着这一认识,文章进一步认为,战国时人对"导引"的理解应是更加宽泛的,与今人对"导引"的看法有所不同。

"Daoyin"in Chuang-tzuKeyi is the earliest article on"Daoyin"ever known and can be seen as the document source of"Daoyin".This paper makes a systematic analysis of"Daoyin"by using the lexicology theories and methods,and holds that it is quite different from the"Daoyin"in modern Chinese language.In modern Chinese language,"Daoyin"is a noun,meaning a kind of traditional sports medical treatment,while"Daoyin"in Chuang-tzu Keyiis a coordinateverb phrase,meaning two actions,namely"Xuandao"and"Qianyin".based on this understanding,this paper further proposes that people’s understanding of"Daoyin"in the Warring States period should be broader,which is obviously different from people’s view of"Daoyin"nowadays.