北方某沿海城市大型居住区饮用水健康风险评价

Health risk assessment of drinking water in a large residential area of a coastal city in northern China

水中存在的As、Cd、Cr、Fe、Mn、Pb、V、NO_(3)^(-)、F^(-)等污染物质会对人体健康产生不利影响。运用美国国家环境保护局(USEPA)的健康风险评价模型,对北方某沿海城市大型居住区饮用水中3种化学致癌物(Cr、Cd、As)和6种非致癌物(Mn、Fe、Pb、V、NO_(3)^(-)、F^(-))引起的健康风险作出评价。结果表明,研究区域饮用水中非致癌物质的个人年风险值远远小于致癌物。致癌物质个人年风险Cr>As>Cd,且Cr的致癌风险值远大于Cd和As,应引起重视。非致癌物质个人年风险F^(-)>NO_(3)^(-)>Pb>Fe>Mn>V,但是非致癌物质对人体健康的危害极小。该区域饮用水中9种污染物质的人体健康总风险值低于国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)最大可接受风险水平,仅通过饮水途径暴露不会对人体健康产生严重不利影响。

As、Cd、Cr、Fe、Mn、Pb、V、NO_(3)^(-)、F^(-) and other contaminants in water caused adverse effects on human health.Health risk caused by three carcinogens(Cr,Cd,As)and six uncarcinogens(Mn,Fe,Pb,V,NO_(3)^(-),F^(-))in drinking water of a large residential area in a coastal city of northern China was assessed by the health risk assessment model recommended by US EPA.The results showed that the individual annual health risk value of uncarcinogens in drinking water was far less than that of carcinogens.The order of individual annual health risk of carcinogens was Cr>As>Cd,and the carcinogenic risk value of Cr was much higher than that of Cd and As.The order of individual annual health risk of uncarcinogens was F^(-)>NO_(3)^(-)>Pb>Fe>Mn>V,but the harm of uncarcinogens to human health was little.The total human health risk values of the nine contaminants in the drinking water of the region were lower than the maximum acceptable risk level of the ICRP,and exposure only through drinking water would not cause serious adverse effects on human health.