纪昀“小说”观对《阅微草堂笔记》叙事影响研究

A Study on the Effects of Ji Yun's View of Fiction on Narrative of Fantastic Tales By Ji Xiaolan

纪昀“小说”观在《四库全书总目提要》书写中得到了体现。他总体继承的是“子部”小说观念,认为小说叙事是为“议论”服务的,小说虽然可以虚构,但虚构要符合生活情理,要有利于劝惩,叙事语言要简约澹雅,自然妙远。在此“小说”观下,《阅微草堂笔记》叙事“议论”成分突出,议论关涉内容多元,议论主体、方式、位置灵活多样;故事叙述“虚”中求“实”努力明确;叙述语言简约澹雅、自然妙远。这些创作特征,体现出纪昀对“子部”小说认知与创作传统的回归,由此带来了古代文言笔记小说创作的新高潮。

Ji Yun's view of fiction is reflected in the writing of the General Catalog of Siku Quanshu.He generally inherited the concept of"schools of philosophers"category,believing that the fiction narrative serves for argumentation.Although stories can be fictional,fiction should be plausible in real life and conducive to persuasion and punishment purpose.The narrative language should be concise,elegant,natural and beautiful.Thus,Fantastic Tales By Ji Xiaolan highlights argumentation,with diverse content,flexible subjects,ways and positions.The narrative strives for"reality"by being"virtual",language concise,elegant,natural and beautiful.These creative characteristics reflect his cognition of fiction through"schools of philosophers"category and attributes to tradition,and brought a new climax in the creation of ancient classical Chinese novels.